Topics covered in this lecture:

1. CFD studies describing normal nasal airflow
2. When to perform open vs. closed approach to nasal airway cases?
3. Techniques that provide consistent outcomes in closed nasal airway cases:
   1. Full length inferior turbinate reduction
   2. Caudal septum repositioning & deviating maxillary crest removal
   3. Lateral nasal wall excision adjacent to internal valve when excess mucosa present
4. Patient Case Examples